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National Child Benefit (NCB)

Proactive Disclosure

The NCB Progress Report: 2006

Appendix 2
Provincial, Territorial and First Nations National Child Benefit Reinvestments and Investments

Newfoundland and Labrador
Prince Edward Island
Nova Scotia
New Brunswick
Ontario
Manitoba
Saskatchewan
Alberta
British Columbia
Yukon
Northwest Territories
Nunavut
First Nations
Citizenship & Immigration Canada

This appendix provides information on the National Child Benefit (NCB) reinvestments and investments that jurisdictions have undertaken. Some of these reinvestments and investments are new programs or services, while others are enhancements to existing programs. This appendix includes descriptions, actual expenditure data for 2003-2004 and 2004-2005, and estimated expenditure data for 2005-2006 and 2006-2007.

There are two sources of funds for NCB initiatives: reinvestment funds and investment funds. The data presented in this appendix represents the total of reinvestment and, where applicable, investment funds.

Reinvestment funds result from savings related to the federal NCB Supplement that free up provincial and territorial funds previously used for social assistance. Some jurisdictions make adjustments to their social assistance payments based on the NCB Supplement. The amount of the adjustment then becomes available for reinvestment. Other jurisdictions have restructured social assistance to implement income-tested child benefits delivered outside of social assistance. Among these jurisdictions, some adjust their child benefits to match, in whole or in part, the NCB Supplement, while some do not make any adjustment. For those that make an adjustment related to the NCB Supplement, funds available for reinvestments increase along with the NCB Supplement. For those that do not make such adjustments, funds available for reinvestments are deemed to be “fixed” to the amount of savings at the time their system was restructured. That amount is available for reinvestment each year.

Investment funds are additional funds that some jurisdictions have chosen to devote to the NCB initiative, over and above the reinvestment amounts.

Sources of Reinvestment Funds

There are two sources of reinvestment funds:

1. Social Assistance/Child Benefit Adjustments

Chapter 3 provides a summary of the various approaches that have evolved with respect to the adjustment of social assistance benefits and child benefits through the NCB.

2. Children’s Special Allowance Adjustments

The Children’s Special Allowance is paid on behalf of children who are in the care of provincial/territorial child welfare authorities. It mirrors the maximum Canada Child Tax Benefit payments, including the NCB Supplement. Jurisdictions have the option to either recover, or pass on the increased NCB Supplement amount to child welfare authorities for child maintenance costs. Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta have chosen to recover the increased amount, and it is considered to be part of NCB reinvestment funds.

Newfoundland and Labrador

In Newfoundland and Labrador, the NCB initiatives have improved the well-being of low-income families in the province. These initiatives promote labour market attachment for low-income families and support early childhood and youth initiatives to improve the well-being of young people living in low-income families.

There was no adjustment to Income Support benefits in 1998-1999. The NCB Supplement was not deducted from benefits provided to families in receipt of Income Support. As a result, all programs funded under the NCB Initiatives in 1998-1999 were investments by the province.

As a result of the second increase in the NCB Supplement in 1999, the Income Support Program was redesigned, resulting in the introduction of the Newfoundland and Labrador Child Benefit (NLCB). Income Support benefits were reduced for families with dependent children as basic benefits for children were removed from the allowance. However, the reduction was offset by the 1999 increase in the NCB Supplement and the new NLCB, which all low-income families receive, including families in receipt of Income Support. All families in receipt of Income Support realized an increase in their monthly income.

Newfoundland and Labrador’s NCB reinvestments and investments include:

Newfoundland and Labrador Child Benefit (NLCB) (Reinvestment) – This is a provincial child benefit paid to all low-income families in Newfoundland and Labrador. The NLCB is administered by the Canada Revenue Agency on behalf of the province, and payments are included in the Canada Child Tax Benefit cheque. In 2001-2002 and 2002-2003, as a result of slippage in program expenditures because of an improved economy, making fewer families eligible for this benefit, the income threshold of the NLCB was increased to follow increases in the NCB Supplement. In 2003-2004, the slippage in the program expenditure was used to increase the first child rate by $12 per year. Since July 2004 the NLCB rates continue to be adjusted annually based on the Provincial Consumer Price Index. For both 2004-2005 and 2005-2006, as a result of slippage in program expenditure and indexing, the first child rate was increased by $12 per year. In 2006-2007, as a result of indexing, the first child rate was increased by $7 annually.

In December 2001, the Mother Baby Nutrition Supplement (MBNS) was added as an additional benefit to the NLCB in the form of a nutritional supplement of $45 per child per month, for children under one year of age living in families eligible for at least $1 of NLCB. This benefit is funded through redirecting funds from the Income Support Program into the NLCB.

Note: The pre-natal portion of the MBNS, of $45 per month per family, was also part of the Income Support Program. This was also removed from the Income Support Program and is delivered as an income-tested benefit outside the Income Support Program. Funding for this initiative is provided through funds redirected from the Income Support Program and through funding from the Early Childhood Development Initiative.

Unlicenced Child Care (Investment) – This initiative increases financial support to families with dependent children who require child care in order to seek and retain employment or are involved in post-secondary pursuits, but for various reasons, cannot access licensed child care. This service increases benefits to families receiving Income Support and ensures families are not worse off as a result of going to work. This initiative came into effect October 1, 1998.

Family Home Child Care Agencies (Investment) – Refers to community-based, non-profit organizations that recruit, support, approve and monitor regulated child care services in private family homes. The agency is licensed to approve individual homes according to standards provided by the Regional Health Authorities. In Newfoundland and Labrador, two family home child-care agencies receive NCB funding.

Child Care Subsidy Program (Investment) – NCB funding builds on the base provincial allocation for the Child Care Subsidy Program. The program is income-tested and available to families in receipt of benefits from the Income Support Program and to low-income families (net income up to $25,000). NCB funding has made it possible to increase the subsidy rate and to provide greater access for families to subsidized regulated child care spaces. The funding also supports transportation costs on behalf of the families where a child care subsidy applies.

Funding to Centres (Investment) – NCB funding supports the provision of annual equipment grants to licensed child-care centres. This component assists in supporting quality care in licensed group care.

School-Based Infant Care (Investment) – This initiative offers group infant child care in high schools at no cost for students who require on-site care and increased support to continue their high school education. This initiative combines access to quality child care services and direct supportive assistance to parents attending high school. During the school day, the teen parents are encouraged to spend breaks and free time in the centre for purposes of interacting with their baby and to gain insights and support on parenting skills. Transportation to and from the school for babies and parents is also provided.

Early Childhood Education Certification (Investment) – This component supports two ongoing initiatives: (1) the provision of courses for people employed in licensed child-care facilities that require either Level I or Level II Early Childhood Education to meet legislation standards; and (2) the Registrar of Certification Office for Early Childhood Educators, which maintains a system of registration and provides orientation courses for early childhood educators. Both of these initiatives are intended to support educational requirements of early childhood educators who are or who wish to become employed in licensed care services.

Child Care Service Consultants (Investment) – On an annual basis, NCB funding supports six Child Care Consultant positions in the province. These positions are located across the province within Regional Integrated Health Authorities. These positions add to the licensing, support and child-care expertise available in the province.

Extended Drug Card Program (Investment) – This initiative extends the health-care benefits to six months for individuals/families leaving the Income Support Program for employment. This initiative helps recipients make the transition from dependence on Income Support to employment.

Family Resource Programs (Investment) – Family resource programs are community-based services that are designed to provide a range of drop-in support services and learning activities for young children and their families. Objectives of the services are to improve child development outcomes, to support adults in their respective care-giving roles, and to increase community involvement in the support available for young children and families. The target group is primarily children up to six years of age (and up to 12 where needed), pregnant women, parents, family members and other caregivers. Healthy baby clubs are a specific service that is provided through family resource programs or other similar community-based services. Healthy baby clubs are prenatal programs that provide a range of one-on-one and group services to pregnant women to help support the best possible birth outcome. Particular emphasis is placed on nutrition, healthy lifestyle and personal support. NCB funding supports nine family resource programs, including healthy baby clubs (seven of the family resource programs operate with a main hub site and several satellite service sites).

Intervention Program Supports (Investment) – Intervention program supports encompass two initiatives: (1) support for implementation of home-based early intervention services for families with children under age 6 years and with significant delay or disabilities, including intensive intervention services for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder; and (2) enhancement to the Special Child Welfare Allowance for eligible families with children with disabilities who require additional support in the home environment. These combined activities are designed to support families who have children with special needs and require additional supports to improve both child and family outcomes.

Child, Youth and Family Services (Reinvestment) – These programs and services are designed to support the safety, health and well-being of children, youth and families. They include support services for families, protection intervention (including children in care), youth services and adoptions.

Community Youth Network (Investment) – The Community Youth Network provides community-based facilities for youth aged 12 to 18 years, in addition to offering programs and services to other ages from 5 to 29 years. There are nine hub sites with an additional 10 satellites throughout the province, all with the capacity to serve several other communities within their respective catchment areas. This initiative aims to provide services and support along four business lines: learning, employment, community building and services. Services and support are provided in youth-friendly settings that combine many positive strategies to encourage youth participation and learning. Programs that involve intensive one-on-one support and skill development, group social, academic, recreational, and leadership approaches are used to enhance the lines of business. The projects are run by community coalitions (including youth participation); they are designed to build partnerships and support young people, especially youth who require increased assistance to achieve success in life. The Community Youth Network is very highly regarded at the community level, and an independent formative evaluation of the initiative has been completed. A final evaluation report is in preparation.

Residential/Mental Health Services (Investment) – This refers to annual funding provided to Regional Integrated Health Authorities to support youth aged 12 to 18 years. At the regional level, the funding is allocated to residential and mental health services as needed to increase support to youth-at-risk and to provide preventive, community-based solutions for young people.

Project Administration (Investment) – This is funding reserved to support overall administration of the NCB programs, services and initiatives that fall under the responsibility of the Department of Health and Community Services.

Table 14
Newfoundland and Labrador: NCB Reinvestments and Investments

	2003-2004	2004-2005	2005-2006	2006-2007
	Expenditures ($000)	Expenditures ($000)	Estimates ($000)	Estimates ($000)
Child Benefits & Earned Income Supplements
Newfoundland and Labrador Child Benefit (NLCB)^a	8,169	8,155	8,328	8,075
Child/ Day Care
Unlicensed Child Care	600	600	600	600
Family Home Child Care Agencies	244	252	250	251
Child-Care Subsidy Program	1,736	1,736	1,736	1,736
Funding to Centres	251	197	251	253
School-Based Infant Care	62	49	66	84
Early Childhood Education Certification	74	84	78	106
Child Care Service Consultants	320	320	320	320
Supplementary Health Benefits
Extended Drug Card Program	733	793	975	953
Early Childhood/Children-at-Risk Services
Family Resource Programs	1,348	1,593	1,690	1,690
Intervention Program Supports	1,048	1,206	1,101	1,000
Child, Youth and Family Services	1,022	1,217	1,700	2,627
Youth Initiatives
Community Youth Network	1,817	1,412	1,417	1,417
Residential/Mental Health Services	964	964	964	964
Other NCB Programs, Benefits & Services
Project Administration	521	174	226	176
TOTAL	18,909	18,752	19,701	20,253

^aMother Baby Nutrition Supplement was added to the NLCB in December 2001. Funding for this initiative is provided through redirecting funds from the Income Support Program into the Newfoundland and Labrador Child Benefit.

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.

Table 15
Newfoundland and Labrador: Estimated Number of Families and Children Benefiting under NCB Reinvestments and Investments

Prince Edward Island

In Prince Edward Island , the NCB has had a dual focus: to support parents to join and remain in the workforce and to enhance early childhood services. Prince Edward Island has put in place a number of reinvestment initiatives that serve both purposes.

Prince Edward Island adopted the social assistance offset approach when the program originated. This means the province treated the NCB Supplement as an unearned income charge against social assistance until 2001. Therefore, the province deducted the amount of the NCB Supplement from the social assistance entitlement to families with children. Since 2001, any increases in the NCB Supplement have been used to fund an equal increase in the Healthy Child Allowance, a social assistance benefit.

Prince Edward Island reinvestments and investments include:

PEI Child Care Benefit - An enhancement to the Child Care Subsidy Program. This benefit has provided increased access and financial support for licensed child care for Island children.

PEI Family Health Benefit - This program helps lower income families with the cost of prescription drugs. Eligibility is based on family size and net family income from the previous year.

Speech Therapy Innovation – This program is part of the Healthy Child Development Strategy, which recognizes the importance of early intervention in the development of children. Through this program, speech therapy initiatives are provided to preschool children, parents and community groups. Effective 2004-2005, this program was funded under the Multilateral Framework on Early Learning and Child Care.

Autism Integration Project – This program is also part of the Healthy Child Development Strategy. Therapeutic interventions are provided directly to preschool children with autism. Effective 2004-2005, this program was funded under the Multilateral Framework on Early Learning and Child Care.

Looking After Children - NCB funds have been key to implementing this project for the delivery of services to children in public care. The project has included the development of research-based policies, training for care providers, materials and review processes.

Children-in-Care Initiatives - NCB funds have also been used to support the delivery of children-in-care services to children in Prince Edward Island. Staff increases within the renewed child protection services have resulted in enhanced quality-of-service planning with children and their families.

Children’s Mental Health - NCB has provided the funding necessary to establish a new multi disciplinary children’s mental health clinical team. This team provides an improved response to Island families who have children with complex mental health problems.

Healthy Child Allowance - This is a social assistance benefit payable to families with children under the age of 18 to provide for participation in sport, recreation and/or cultural activities. Effective August 2006, the benefit amount was increased to $95 per month (from $76 per month).

Employment Enhancement and Job Creation Programs - NCB funds have been used to help increase activity under these programs. The NCB contribution has enabled parents on social assistance to upgrade their job skills and obtain employment. Effective 2005-2006, this program was funded by the Department of Development.

Literacy/Adult Basic Education Program - One of the stepping stones to independence is literacy. This program, delivered by the PEI Institute of Adult and Community Education, has helped make adult literacy education available at the community level. NCB funds annually help low-income parents to take advantage of this program.

Family Legal Aid Program - This program provides legal services to low-income custodial parents and their children to determine matters of custody and access/support in relation to matters of family law. Effective 2006-2007, due to restructuring of the Department of Social Services and Seniors, this program is funded from other sources.

Table 16
Prince Edward Island: NCB Reinvestments and Investments

	2003–2004	2004-2005	2005-2006	2006-2007
	Expenditures ($000)	Expenditures ($000)	Estimates ($000)	Estimates ($000)
Child/ Day Care
PEI Child-Care Benefit	700	700	700	700
Supplementary Health Benefits
PEI Family Health Benefit	220	250	250	250
Early Childhood/Children-at-Risk Services
Speech Therapy Innovation^a	75	-	-	-
Autism Integration Project^a	125	-	-	-
Looking After Children	50	50	50	50
Children-in-Care Initiatives	450	450	450	450
Children’s Mental Health	250	250	250	250
Healthy Child Allowance	1,375	1,513	1,753	1,899
Other NCB Programs, Benefits & Services
Employment Enhancement and Job Creation Programs^b	200	200	-	-
Literacy/Adult Basic Education Program	100	100	100	100
Family Legal Aid Program^c	80	80	80	-
TOTAL	3,625	3,593	3,633	3,699

^aAs of 2004-2005, this program was funded under the Multilateral Framework on Early Learning and Child Care.

^bAs of 2005-2006, this program is funded through the Department of Development and Technology.

^cAs of 2006-2007, the Department of Social Services and Seniors and the Department of Health were restructured and this program is now funded from other sources.

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.

Table 17
Prince Edward Island: Estimated Number of Families and Children Benefiting under NCB Reinvestments and Investments

Nova Scotia

Nova Scotia has made some important strides in addressing child poverty and supporting parents to join and remain in the workforce as part of the joint federal, provincial and territorial NCB initiative. The Nova Scotia government has expanded and strengthened programs and services to help low-income families with children.

Over the past several years, Nova Scotia has demonstrated its commitment to the health and well-being of its children in a number of ways. The province’s commitment remains strong with total spending on NCB programs of $27.8 million during 2005-2006.

In 2001, Nova Scotia enhanced the Nova Scotia Child Benefit and introduced a new Employment Support and Income Assistance Act. Together, these developments have contributed to a significant overall improvement in the health and well-being of low-income families with children in Nova Scotia.

Although Nova Scotia has made great strides in addressing the issue of child poverty, the government recognizes that more needs to be done. The province is committed to the reduction and prevention of child poverty and will continue to work toward that objective.

Nova Scotia ’s NCB initiatives include:

Nova Scotia Child Benefit – In 1998, the government established the Nova Scotia Child Benefit to provide low-income families with monthly payments to assist them with the cost of raising children under 18 years of age. This benefit is fully funded by the province and is provided in addition to the NCB Supplement. The Nova Scotia Child Benefit is delivered as a combined payment with the CCTB and the NCB Supplement. In 1999, the Nova Scotia government promised that any future increases to the NCB Supplement would flow directly through to families.

In July 2001, as part of Nova Scotia’s redesign of its social assistance system, children’s benefits were removed from social assistance. This policy change meant that parents with low incomes would receive child benefits from both governments whether or not they were receiving income assistance. The Nova Scotia Child Benefit was enhanced and now provides a maximum annual benefit of $445 for the first child, $645 for the second child and $720 for the third and each additional child in low-income families. The Nova Scotia Child benefit made a substantial increase to the household incomes of low-income families and helped with the costs of raising a child.

The Nova Scotia Child Benefit also made it easier for parents to enter or stay in the work force. Providing child benefits outside the income assistance system made it easier and more financially viable for parents receiving income assistance to return to work because they did not lose their child benefits when they left income assistance. Qualifying low income working parents also received the Nova Scotia Child Benefit.

The Canada Revenue Agency delivers the Nova Scotia Child Benefit, as well as the base benefit of the CCTB, and the NCB Supplement.

In 2005-2006, 28,215 families received the Nova Scotia Child Benefit. The number of Nova Scotian children needing the NCB Supplement decreased from 2004-2005 as the economy improved and more low-income families earned higher incomes through secure employment.

Centre-Based Child Care – Two hundred and thirty new subsidized centre-based child care spaces have been funded under the auspices of the NCB since 1998, including 30 spaces for children with special needs.

Early Intervention Programs – These programs help pre-school aged children with developmental disabilities to reach their potential. Additional operating grants have been made to existing centres and new programs have been initiated to ensure all families throughout the province have access to this service.

Table 18
Nova Scotia: NCB Reinvestments and Investments

	2003–2004	2004–2005	2005–2006	2006–2007
	Expenditures ($000)	Expenditures ($000)	Estimates ($000)	Estimates ($000)
Child Benefits & Earned Income Supplements
Nova Scotia Child Benefit	27,618	26,385	25,597	24,337
Child/Day Care
Centre-Based Child Care	1,537	1,537	1,537	1,537
Early Childhood/Children-at-Risk Services
Early Intervention Programs	675	675	675	675
TOTAL	29,830	28,597	27,809	26,549

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.

Table 19
Nova Scotia: Estimated Number of Families and Children Benefiting under NCB Reinvestments and Investments

New Brunswick

The government continues to build upon programs and services that help reduce and prevent child and family poverty, promote labour market attachment and foster early childhood development.

In 1998-1999, New Brunswick passed on the full value of the federal NCB Supplement to families on social assistance, and has continued to pass on all subsequent increases. In August of 1998, the province made investments under the NCB initiative through increased funding for child care and the creation of the Alternative Child-Care Assistance Program. New Brunswick has consistently maintained or increased the level of funding for each of its initiatives since the creation of the NCB in 1998.

New Brunswick’s investments include:

Day-Care Assistance Program – The Day-Care Assistance Program is designed to help families get the best possible child care. This program offers parents or guardians financial assistance to help them access quality, affordable care at an approved day-care facility. In 1997-1998, prior to the NCB initiative, New Brunswick invested $4.23 million in the Day-Care Assistance Program. New Brunswick has devoted additional incremental funds to the Day-Care Assistance Program to support the goals of the NCB each year since the initiative began in 1998.

Alternative Child-Care Assistance – Financial assistance may also be available to low-income parents or guardians who are in school or are working and do not have access to licensed day care. This program is designed to assist those who require child care during evenings, nights and weekends or who have no licensed child-care facilities in their community.

Provincial Breastfeeding Strategy – This initiative assists in the promotion, protection and support of breastfeeding.

Healthy Minds Nutritional Partnership – Initially called Healthy Minds Breakfast Pilot Program and begun as a pilot program, it addressed the nutritional needs of elementary school students by providing basic breakfast items, and benefited approximately 2,150 children. In 2000-2001, the program was significantly expanded and renamed the Healthy Minds Nutritional Partnership. By 2005-2006, the program benefited as many as 6,350 students across the province.

Positive Learning Environment – This program addresses the unmet needs of children by identifying best practices for discipline in the school system when a positive environment alone is not enough. These include setting limits for behaviour and identifying the responsibilities of all partners in the school system.

Youth Addictions – The Regional Addiction Services Youth Treatment Program is a community-based program offered by the Department of Health through Regional Health Authorities. It provides treatment to young substance abusers within their own community. In 1997-1998, prior to the NCB, New Brunswick invested $0.6 million in youth addiction treatment. Prior spending, combined with incremental investments, resulted in a significant increase to New Brunswick’s expenditures in this program. Enhanced funding provided increased education, prevention and chemical dependency treatment for approximately 1,700 children and youth aged 12 to 19 years in 2005-2006.

In addition to its NCB initiatives, New Brunswick is also supporting the needs of families with children by funding the New Brunswick Child Tax Benefit, which includes the Working Income Supplement, with over $20 million every year.

Table 20
New Brunswick: NCB Investments

	2003–2004	2004–2005	2005–2006	2006–2007
	Expenditures ($000)	Expenditures ($000)	Estimates ($000)	Estimates ($000)
Child/ Day Care
Day-Care Assistance Program	1,360	2,532	4,768	4,768
Alternative Child-Care Assistance	746	700	717	717
Early Childhood/Children-at-Risk Services
Provincial Breastfeeding Strategy	9	12	10	100
Healthy Minds Nutritional Partnership	708	689	912	899
Positive Learning Environment	3,960	3,704	4,000	4,000
Youth Initiatives
Youth Addictions	1,436	1,662	1,663	1,663
TOTAL	8,218	9,298	12,071	12,147

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.

Table 21
New Brunswick: Estimated Number of Families and Children Benefiting under NCB Investments

Ontario

Ontario’s NCB initiatives aim to prevent and reduce the depth of child poverty, encourage labour force attachment, and foster the learning and development of children in low-income families.

Ontario adjusts social assistance payments by the amount of a recipient’s NCB Supplement through an income charge (i.e., the actual NCB Supplement amount the client receives is charged as income against the social assistance allowance).

Currently, the 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007 increases to the NCB Supplement are flowed through to social assistance recipients.

In Ontario, the provincial government and municipalities have made significant investments in NCB initiatives. Since social assistance is cost-shared between the province and municipalities, each has a role to play in Ontario’s reinvestment strategy.

Reinvestments and investments include:

Ontario Child-Care Supplement for Working Families (OCCS) – Each year, about $200 million is spent on the OCCS, funded from the NCB reinvestment funds and additional provincial investments, including $40 million carried forward from the former Ontario Child Care Tax Credit. The OCCS, created in 1998, provides low- to moderate-income working families with a benefit for each child under age seven. Families are eligible for the OCCS if they have employment earnings exceeding $5,000 for the year, regardless of whether they have child-care expenses. It is also available to families where parents are attending school or training programs and have qualifying child-care expenses. The benefit starts decreasing when family net income reaches $20,000.

In 2000–2001, Ontario introduced an additional $210 per child supplement for single parent families, bringing the maximum annual benefits for single-parent families to $1,310 per child (maximum benefits for two-parent families are $1,100 per child) under the age of seven. Funding for the single parent supplement represents an additional provincial investment in children in low-income families.

4-Point Plan for Children’s Mental Health – The province spent $20 million towards critical service areas in children’s mental health. The Plan supports intensive child and family services, mobile crisis services, telepsychiatry and common intake and assessment tools.

Children’s Treatment Centres – The province spent $22 million towards the development of innovative approaches to assisting children with special needs.

Municipal Reinvestment Strategies – Ontario municipalities are implementing their own initiatives as part of Ontario’s overall reinvestment strategy. These strategies, designed to meet local needs and priorities, include initiatives such as early intervention, child care, employment supports and prevention programs.

Future Changes

The 2007 Ontario Budget announced the introduction of a new provincially-funded, non-taxable Ontario Child Benefit (OCB) for eligible families with children under 18 years of age.

The OCB is intended to lower the welfare wall, strengthen families and provide the opportunity for children to achieve their full potential.

When monthly OCB payments begin in July 2008, social assistance benefits and the Ontario Child Care Supplement for Working Families (OCCS) will be restructured and families will not lose any portion of their NCBS.

Additional information is available on the Ontario Child Benefit website at www.ontariochildbenefit.ca.

Table 22
Ontario: NCB Reinvestments and Investments

	2003–2004^a	2004–2005	2005–2006	2006–2007
	Expenditures ($000)	Expenditures ($000)	Estimates ($000)	Estimates ($000)
Child/ Day Care
Ontario Child-Care Supplement for Working Families (OCCS)^b	151,969	160,000	160,000	160,000
Early Childhood/Children-at-Risk Services
4-Point Plan for Children’s Mental Health	20,000	20,000	20,000	20,000
Children’s Treatment Centres	22,000	22,000	22,000	22,000
Other NCB Programs, Benefits & Services
Municipal Reinvestments Strategies	42,822	43,591	44,195	43,481
TOTAL	236,791	245,591	246,195	245,481

^aSome of the expenditures from for 2003-2004 differ from those reported in The National Child Benefit Report: 2005 due to data revisions.

^bFigures for 2006-2007 consist of NCB reinvestments of $135 million and additional Ontario investments of $25 million. Figures exclude an additional $40 million previously committed to the former Ontario Child Care Tax Credit. The OCCS is an application-based program. Benefits are based on the previous year's tax return, and families have three years to file their tax return. After filing their tax return, families are given 18 months to return their OCCS application. Historically, it has taken about three years after the close of a given OCCS benefit year to achieve full take-up for that benefit year.

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.

Table 23
Ontario: Estimated Number of Families and Children Benefiting under NCB Reinvestments and Investments

Manitoba

Manitoba³⁰ has continued to invest in programs and services that help reduce and prevent child and family poverty, promote labour market attachment and foster early childhood development.

In 1998, when the NCB Supplement was introduced, Manitoba, like most provinces, reduced benefit levels for families receiving income assistance by the amount of the supplement and redirected those funds into programs and services for low-income families with children living in Manitoba.

In mid-2000 however, as a means of providing additional assistance to families receiving income assistance, Manitoba began a phased in restoration of the NCB Supplement. In January 2004 the final phase of the restoration was implemented and the NCB Supplement was fully restored for all families receiving income assistance.

In addition to the restoration of the NCB Supplement, Manitoba’s investments and reinvestments include:

Manitoba Child Care Program – Between April 1999, and March 2007, child-care funding in Manitoba has increased by over 61 percent to $81.1 million,³¹ improving salaries, as well as training opportunities and supports for early childhood educators and providing additional subsidies for children. Increased funding has also been provided to integrate more children with disabilities into the child-care system and to expand the number of funded child-care spaces.

Children’s Special Services (CSS) – Family-centred services are provided to birth, extended or adoptive families to assist them with caring for their children with developmental and/or physical disabilities in their own homes to the greatest extent possible and to promote the development of normalized community arrangements. Between April 1999 and March 2007 funding for the CSS program has increased by 105 percent to $20.1 million, enabling more children with disabilities and their families to access the supports and services they need. As of March 31, 2007, a total of 4,186 children received services through CSS, an increase of nearly 4 percent over the previous fiscal year.

Healthy Baby – This is a program of support for pregnant women and new families that consists of two components: the Manitoba Prenatal Benefit and Healthy Baby Community Support Programs. The Manitoba Prenatal Benefit is a monthly financial benefit to help low- to moderate-income women with their extra nutritional needs during pregnancy. The Prenatal Benefit is intended to also provide a bridge to other services, such as the Healthy Baby Community Programs. Healthy Baby Community Support Programs, via group sessions and outreach, are designed to assist pregnant women and new parents in connecting with other parents, families and health professionals to ensure healthy outcomes for their babies. Delivered through community-based partners, the programs provide pregnant women and new parents with practical information and resources on maternal/child health issues, benefits of breastfeeding, healthy lifestyle choices, parenting ideas, infant development and strategies to support the healthy physical, cognitive and emotional development of children.

Families First (formerly BabyFirst and Early Start) – This is a community-based home visiting program for families with children from conception to Kindergarten. Delivered by Regional Health Authorities across Manitoba, Families First begins with universal screening of all families with a newborn. Based on the family’s identified strengths and needs, the program offers a continuum of support to families including referral to other community services. Regular visits by public health nurses are augmented by weekly home visits from specially trained home visitors. These visitors establish trusting nurturing relationships with families, support parenting and secure attachment, promote problem solving skills and assist in strengthening the family support system.

Parent-Child Centred Approach – This brings together community strengths and resources within a geographic boundary through parent child coalitions. There are 26 funded coalitions province-wide (11 regions outside Winnipeg, 12 community areas within Winnipeg and 3 cultural organizations). Parent child coalitions promote and support existing community-based programs and activities for children and families, and initiate new activities that reflect community diversity. Core priorities include positive parenting, nutrition and physical health, learning and literacy and community capacity building.

STOP FAS – This is an intensive three-year home visitation program for women who have used alcohol and/or drugs heavily during pregnancy. Paraprofessional mentors offer flexible support services to women as they address a myriad of challenges and move toward a healthier, more secure and stable life. Following on the success of two Winnipeg sites, STOP FAS was expanded to Thompson and The Pas in northern Manitoba.

Special Needs Programs for Children in Schools – This initiative provides funding and consultative support for the development and operation of specific projects that provide school-based programming for students with special needs. Examples include Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorder (FASD) in the Classroom which provides a specialized classroom setting to enhance the school experience and outcomes for children and youth with FASD, and COACH, which is a 24-hour wraparound program for children ages 5 to 11 years with extreme behavioural, emotional, social and academic issues in their home, school and community settings.

Healthy Schools – This is Manitoba’s comprehensive school health initiative intended to promote the health of school communities. The initiative recognizes that good health is important for learning, and that schools are in a unique position to positively influence the health of children, youth and their families. Healthy Schools focuses on priority health issues such as physical activity, healthy eating, safety and injury prevention, substance use and addictions, sexual and reproductive health, and mental health promotion. This initiative links the health and education communities to promote healthy children and healthy schools.

Other Programs – These community-based initiatives provide access to education and support services for children, youth and families in high needs communities and promote community awareness, ownership and capacity building of the participants. Two examples through Healthy Child Manitoba are the William Whyte School Worker Project, a collaborative initiative which aims to provide greater access to more appropriate support services for Aboriginal children and families through community ownership and involvement; and Neah Kee Papa, a positive parenting program for young Aboriginal fathers, which is delivered by the Manitoba Metis Federation.

Early Childhood Development Initiative (ECDI) – ECDI provides funding support to school divisions in the provision of intersectoral services for preschoolers (birth to school age). ECDI, in partnership with parents, the community and Healthy Child Manitoba, is designed to facilitate preschoolers’ readiness to learn prior to school entry.

Early Literacy – This grant program supports school divisions in their efforts to implement early literacy intervention programs that will accelerate the literacy development of the lowest-achieving grade one students.

Healthy Adolescent Development – Healthy Child Manitoba provides funding to community groups to support healthy adolescent development, including sexual and reproduction health. This is achieved through supporting programs which promote protective factors, such as mentoring programs that build positive attachment between youth and adults. Support is also provided to programs which take a harm-reduction approach to reducing negative outcomes such as unwanted pregnancies, gang involvement, etc.

Workforce Attachment – These initiatives provide low-income parents who are either working or on social assistance with a range of supports that help them obtain and maintain employment. Employment supports include needs/skills assessments, labour market information, job-focused education/skills development and job search/job placement assistance.

Building Independence/New Income Assistance Initiatives – Manitoba has increased supports for parents to enter or re-enter the labour market, and has improved benefits for families receiving income assistance. Job-centre supports and work incentives have been enhanced, and supports to help citizens become independent have been improved.

Table 24
Manitoba: NCB Reinvestments and Investments

	2003–2004	2004–2005	2005–2006	2006–2007
	Expenditures ($000)	Expenditures ($000)	Estimates ($000)	Estimates ($000)
Child/ Day Care
Manitoba Child Care Program^{a b c}	2,534	3,082	5,324	5,100
Early Childhood/Children-at-Risk Services
Children’s Special Services^{a b}	2,500	2,328	1,833	1,561
Healthy Child Manitoba:
Healthy Baby ^b	4,388	4,597	4,845	4,824
BabyFirst^{b c d}	6,023	6,577	-	-
Early Start^{b c d}	1,417	1,934	-	-
Families First^{b c d}	-	-	9,418	9,268
Parent-Child Centred Approach^b	2,659	3,000	3,085	3,005
STOP FAS^b	704	714	748	779
Special Needs Programs for Children in Schools	2,519	3,602	3,843	4,346
Healthy Schools	370	40	750	284
Other Programs	1,001	1,004	1,021	1,033
Early Childhood Development Initiative (ECDI)^b	681	668	1,363	1,400
Early Literacy	5,700	6,016	6,058	6,181
Youth Initiatives
Healthy Adolescent Development	295	286	298	233
Other NCB Programs, Benefits & Services
Workforce Attachment^e	2,098	2,252	2,252	1,266
Building Independence/New Income Assistance Initiatives^{a f}	12,724	15,424	15,424	15,424
TOTAL^b	45,612	51,524	56,262	54,705

^aThe amounts indicated for the Manitoba Child Care Program, Children's Special Services and New Income Assistance Initiatives represent new incremental funding amounts only and do not include base funding in place prior to the introduction of the NCB.

^bFigures include funding which is provided through remaining NCB Supplement recoveries, Children’s Special Allowance recoveries and the federal transfers under the Early Childhood Development Agreement ($18.3 million in 2003-2004, 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 and $18.1 million in 2006-2007) as well as provincial revenue.

^cFigure includes funding received through the federal transfers under the 2003 Multilateral Framework on Early Learning and Child Care ($0.9 million in 2003-2004, $5.5 million in 2004-2005, $8.2 million in 2005-2006 and $11 million in 2006-2007). Figure does not include federal 2005 Early Learning and Child Care funds ($23.7 million in 2006-2007).

^dIn 2005-2006, Families First Program replaced BabyFirst and Early Start.

^eIn 2006-2007, Workforce Attachment no longer included funding for New Training Strategies.

^fReinvestments and Investments include expenditures on the Employment and Income Assistance Rate Increase and the Restoration of the NCB Supplement for families in receipt of Employment and Income Assistance benefits. In 2003-2004, $11.0 million was spent on the Restoration of the NCB Supplement and in 2003-2004 and in 2004-2005, $13.7 million was spent. It is estimated that in both 2005-2006 and 2006-2007, $13.7 million will be spent on the Restoration of the NCB Supplement.

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.

Table 25
Manitoba: Estimated Number of Families and Children Benefiting under NCB Reinvestments and Investments

Saskatchewan

Saskatchewan’s NCB reinvestment programs aim to reduce and prevent child poverty through programs that assist low-income families with the costs of raising children, promote labour market attachment for low-income families, and support early learning and child care.

NCB initiatives in Saskatchewan provide mainstream supports outside of social assistance, designed to help citizens enjoy a better quality of life through greater economic independence and social inclusion.

When the NCB was introduced in 1998, Saskatchewan restructured social assistance by removing children’s basic benefits from social assistance and establishing a separate child benefit available to all low-income families. The restructured benefit, known as the Saskatchewan Child Benefit, was delivered as an integrated payment with the Canada Child Tax Benefit to reduce duplication and simplify administration. The new structure was designed to support the NCB strategy of lowering the “welfare wall” and providing income-tested child benefits that remain portable as families move from welfare into work.

From 1998 to 2006, the province adjusted the Saskatchewan Child Benefit rates by the amount of federal increases to the NCB Supplement. Families on social assistance received at least the same in combined federal/provincial child benefits as they would have received under the previous welfare model of child benefits. Under the adjustment approach, the Saskatchewan Child Benefit was designed to reduce over time, and eventually phase out as it was replaced by increases to the NCB Supplement. The Saskatchewan Child Benefit was fully phased out in July 2006. All subsequent federal increases to the NCB Supplement flow directly through to families. All savings from the offset of the Saskatchewan Child Benefit expenditures have been reinvested in other NCB initiatives.

In 2006, Saskatchewan provided continued or enhanced support for its remaining NCB initiatives, designed to improve well-being and economic independence for low-income families with children

Saskatchewan’s other NCB initiatives include:

Saskatchewan Child Benefit – Together with the NCB Supplement, the program replaced social assistance for children and provided child benefits to low-income families, whether parents are on social assistance or employed. Paying child benefits outside of social assistance makes it easier were parents to move to or remain in the labour market. In July 2006, the Saskatchewan Child Benefit was phased out as benefits were fully displaced by federal increases to the NCB Supplement.

Saskatchewan Employment Supplement – This benefit is paid to low-income parents who are employed or who receive maintenance payments. The supplement supports employment by offsetting child-related costs that a parent may incur through working. It also improves incentives to collect maintenance payments by increasing the net value of the payment to the family.

Child Care Enhancements – Access to suitable child care arrangements is a critical support that helps parents enter and remain in the labour force, especially those whose children have special needs. Incremental funding has been provided to enhance child care subsidy rates, and to develop additional child care spaces and supports for the inclusion needs of low-income and high-needs families. These targeted supports provide low-income families with affordable, reliable child care so they can go to work or school and feel secure about the care of their children.

Family Health Benefits – This program extends supplementary health coverage to low-income families to assist with the cost of raising children. The program provides additional children’s coverage for dental, optometry, chiropractic services, prescription drugs, ambulance transportation, and medical supplies. More limited coverage for eye care, drugs, and chiropractic services is also provided to parents. With this program, low-income families are assured of retaining health benefits as they leave social assistance for work opportunities and are not forced onto assistance due to children’s health costs.

Community Schools Program – In 2002-2003, incremental funding was provided to expand the Community Schools Program. Located in low-income areas, community schools attempt to address the barriers to success in school and in life, by drawing parents and community resources into the schools. Parenting, pre-kindergarten, teen parent programs, and child nutrition programs are among the programs offered in community schools.

Employment Support Programs – These programs provide on-the-job training, job coaching, and productivity supports to assist individuals to attach to and remain in the labour force. Incremental funding was provided in 2002-2003 to enable families on social assistance and high-risk youth under 18 years who are at risk of becoming reliant on social assistance, to access employment opportunities and make the transition to independence.

Maintenance Enhancement Project – This initiative, introduced in 2002-2003, assists low-income single parents to receive or increase maintenance income for their children. Three additional legal staff were added to assist single parents to obtain child support orders, or to obtain variations in existing orders where non-custodial parents have experienced increased incomes. The income from child maintenance payments helps parents achieve greater financial independence, and is eligible for additional supplementation under the Saskatchewan Employment Supplement.

Saskatchewan Rental Housing Supplement – This program, developed in 2004 and implemented in 2005, is intended to help low-income families gain access to quality and affordable rental housing. Rent supplements are available to low-income households in the labour market as well as to those on welfare. Additional support is available for those with a disabled family member. The supplements are unique in that to qualify, rental properties must meet basic health and safety standards. Providing the supplements outside of welfare helps to reduce barriers to work.

Family Shelter Enhancements – In 2005, additional support was provided to enhance shelter benefits for families living in locations facing higher rental costs. The adjustments better reflect local market rents in different parts of the province. The Saskatchewan Rental Housing Supplement provides further assistance for rental costs exceeding base shelter benefits.

Child Nutrition and Development Program – This program provides funding for a range of projects, including school and community nutrition and nutrition education programs, food security initiatives, and self-sufficiency projects such as collective kitchens, which address the long-term causes of hunger and help low-income families acquire skills and abilities necessary for independence. In 2005, incremental funding was provided to expand services and enhance support for existing initiatives.

Table 26
Saskatchewan: NCB Reinvestments and Investments

	2003–2004^a	2004–2005^a	2005–2006	2006–2007
	Expenditures ($000)	Expenditures ($000)	Estimates ($000)	Estimates ($000)
Child Benefits & Earned Income Supplement
Saskatchewan Child Benefit^b	11,803	13,366	7,840	1,790
Saskatchewan Employment Supplement	18,660	20,354	22,246	21,483
Child/ Day Care
Child Care Enhancements	3,059	1,775	1,093	2,964
Supplementary Health Benefits
Family Health Benefits	9,784	10,558	11,505	11,505
Youth Initiatives
Community Schools Program	12,282	12,419	13,029	13,600
Other NCB Programs, Benefits & Services
Employment Support Programs	645	98	1,093	780
Maintenance Enhancement Project	210	243	275	311
Saskatchewan Rental Housing Supplement	-	432	2,870	4,558
Family Shelter Enhancements	-	-	1,409	1,397
Child Nutrition Enhancements	-	-	506	1,191
TOTAL	56,443	59,245	61,866	59,579

^aIn 2005-2006, due to improved reporting methods, Saskatchewan revised the way in which it reports reinvestments/investments. Expenditures for 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 have been restated and will not match figures from reports prior to 2005

^bNot including funds recovered from Indian and Northern Affairs Canada

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.

Table 27
Saskatchewan: Estimated Number of Families and Children Benefiting under NCB Reinvestments and Investments

Alberta

Alberta’s NCB initiatives support the shared goals of helping reduce the depth of child poverty and encouraging parents to participate in the workforce by ensuring they are better off working while reducing overlap and duplication between government programs. Alberta’s initiatives also support low-income families with the costs associated with raising their children. Since 2003, Alberta has enhanced the mix of income and in-kind benefits and services to families receiving assistance through the Alberta Works-Income Support Program³²by flowing through the full increase of the NCB Supplement directly to them.

Alberta’s reinvestments and investments include:

Child-Care Subsidy – The Child-Care Subsidy program supports eligible low-income families with child care costs for their pre-school children enrolled in licensed day-care centres, out of school care or approved family day homes. Parents may apply for a subsidy if they have a valid reason, such as they are currently working or looking for work, attending school, or if they or their children have special needs. Funds also support the Kin Child Care Funding Program which assists eligible low-income families to pay non resident relatives of the child to care for their children. This program provides families with flexible alternatives for child care where there are limited options; for example, in rural locations, or during non-traditional work hours.

Quality Child Care – The NCB funds for this initiative support respite options for families in need, as well as a child-care nutritional program. The respite care program ensures that a number of child care spaces are available for short-term placements. These placements assist families of children with disabilities in need of relief care, and also enable families who need support to participate in counselling or treatment programs to benefit their children. Funds directed to the child care nutritional program enhance the nutritional quality of meals and snacks served to children in child care settings, and provide information about preschool nutritional needs to parents of children in child care programs.

Alberta Child Health Benefit (ACHB) – This program was initially created by using NCB reinvestment funds. Children in families with limited incomes are provided with health services such as prescription drugs, dental care, optical, emergency ambulance, and essential diabetic supplies that are not available through standard Alberta Health Care Insurance. The ACHB helps children get health services they would not otherwise obtain and contributes to their health and well-being, including school performance. Parents can have peace of mind their children’s health will be cared for without worrying about costs that may be a barrier to accepting or maintaining employment.

Alberta Adult Health Benefit (AAHB) – When clients leave income support for employment, the AAHB provides individuals/families with the same health benefits they had when receiving income support. Ensuring that health benefits are provided outside of income support programs removes a potential barrier to employment, while assisting individuals/families to stay healthy.

Protection of Children Involved in Prostitution (PCHIP) – This initiative encompasses the introduction of legislation designed to protect children from sexual exploitation. Under this initiative, children and youth are provided a safe environment, substance abuse counselling, medical supports, psychological services and educational and life skills support.

Transitional Support for Youth Leaving Child Welfare – This fund supports the Advancing Futures Bursary Program. Through this program, tuition costs, school-related expenses and living expenses for the academic term are provided to youth if they have had a Permanent Guardianship Order between the ages of 13 and 18 years or have been in care for at least 564 days between the ages of 13 and 22 years. Individuals are invited to apply if they are interested in: obtaining their high school equivalency through adult education; earning a degree/diploma from a post-secondary institution; learning a trade; or earning a license or certification.

Shelter Benefits – This reinvestment increased shelter benefits for Alberta Works-Income Support Program recipient families with children.

School Allowance Benefit – This reinvestment increased the school expense benefit and is paid annually to Alberta Works-Income Support Program recipients, when school starts, for children attending kindergarten to grade 12. It helps cover the costs of school and gym supplies, registration fees, and other education-related costs.

Earnings Exemption Increase – NCB reinvestment dollars were used to increase the earnings exemption for Alberta Works-Income Support Program single-parent recipients who are working; thereby allowing them to earn additional income per month before their benefits are reduced.

Employment Maintenance Benefit – A benefit of $120 per year is made available to working parents to provide additional support for work-related expenses such as transportation and clothing.

Table 28
Alberta: NCB Reinvestments and Investments

	2003–2004	2004–2005	2005–2006	2006–2007
	Expenditures ($000)	Expenditures ($000)	Estimates ($000)	Estimates ($000)
Child/ Day Care
Child-Care Subsidy	7,300	7,300	7,300	7,300
Quality Child Care	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000
Supplementary Health Benefits
Alberta Child Health Benefit	20,953	22,228	23,900	22,528
Alberta Adult Health Benefit	987	1,834	2,452	3,843
Early Childhood/Children-at-Risk Services
Protection of Children Involved in Prostitution	600	600	600	600
Youth Initiatives
Transitional Support for Youth Leaving Child Welfare	2,250	2,250	2,250	2,250
Other NCB Programs, Benefits & Services
Shelter Benefits	6,848	5,643	5,582	4,861
School Allowance Benefit	2,401	2,545	2,501	2,242
Earnings Exemption Increase	2,914	3,452	2,882	2,200
Employment Maintenance Benefit	313	363	315	429
TOTAL	45,566	47,215	48,782	47,253

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.

Table 29
Alberta: Estimated Number of Families and Children Benefiting under NCB Reinvestments and Investments

British Columbia

British Columbia’s NCB initiatives aim to prevent and reduce the depth of child poverty, to assist low-income families with the costs associated with raising children, and to encourage parents to join the workforce and to remain employed. The province’s commitment to this type of initiative began before the NCB was established with the BC Family Bonus. This program was implemented two years before the NCB and served as one of the models for the national program.

As in previous years, British Columbia continues to adjust BC Family Bonus benefits with respect to increases in the NCB Supplement, such that families receive the same or increased benefits when combined with the NCB Supplement. The NCB Supplement has now almost fully replaced the BC Family Bonus for families in receipt of the NCB, but partial BC Family Bonus benefits continue to be paid to families with incomes above the NCB reduction thresholds. As part of the BC Family Bonus, British Columbia also adjusted the BC Earned Income Benefit by any increase in the NCB Supplement in excess of the current BC Family Bonus payment.

In 2006-2007, a new initiative, the Rental Assistance Program was introduced. This program provides direct cash assistance to low-income, working families with at least one child aged 18 years and under, a gross household income less than $28,000 per year, less than $10,000 in assets and who pay more than 30% of their household income towards rent.

British Columbia’s other reinvestments and investments include:

BC Earned Income Benefit (BCEIB) – The BCEIB was introduced in July 1998 as an additional incentive for low-income families to seek work and remain employed. The BCEIB pays an additional monthly amount based upon the earned income that a family receives from working.

BC Family Bonus (BCFB) Increase – The BCFB is a tax-free monthly benefit paid to low- and modest-income families with children. The program was implemented in 1996, two years prior to the implementation of the NCB. In 1998, the BCFB was combined with the Canada Child Tax Benefit into a single monthly payment for families with children. The BCEIB and the BCFB are tax-free monthly benefits that make it more attractive for those on income assistance to seek work and to remain employed.

The BCFB has been reduced by a portion of increases to the NCB Supplement since 1998. As of July 2006, only a small number of large families still receive basic BCFB in addition to the NCB Supplement. Only the portion of NCB Supplement payments that have been passed through to families still in receipt of BCFB is included as BCFB Increase. The combined BCFB and NCB Supplement have increased steadily. For example, the maximum monthly benefit for a first child was $103 in July 1998. As of July 2006, it had increased to $162.08.

Supported Child Development – This program helps facilitate the inclusion of children with special needs into child-care settings. Funds are directed to community agencies to provide extra support staff and resources to child-care facilities or to the families directly. Only the portion of funding used for children aged 6–13 years is accounted for as an NCB reinvestment.

Child-Care Subsidy (non-regulated) – In June 2004, all child-care programs were centralized within the BC Ministry of Children and Family Development (MCFD). Since 2005, the subsidy for non-regulated childcare is reported as part of Child-Care Programs and Services.

Child-Care Programs and Services – (formerly called Child-Care Programs) Child-Care and Early Childhood Development programs were unified within MCFD in June 2004 – improving service delivery and access for families. Given the mix of base-funding for NCB and other funding sources, only a portion of the funding for these programs is reported as an NCB reinvestment. These programs themselves offer services to a meet a much broader range of needs and age groups, but generally the portion of funding reported as an NCB reinvestment reflects the population of children 6-13 years. Specific child-care programs and services for families, child-care providers and Early Childhood Educators across the Province, for which some NCB funding is used include:

Child-Care Operating Funding Program - provides fair and equitable operating funding to eligible licensed group and family providers to help meet the day to day costs of providing care, including staff recruitment and retention.
Minor Capital Funding Program - helps licensed group non-profit child-care providers meet licensing requirements related to upgrading or repairing existing facilities, replacing equipment and furnishings.
Major Capital Funding Program - provides eligible applicants with funding to purchase equipment, build, renovate or expand the capacity of existing child-care facilities to create new child-care spaces.
Child-Care Resource and Referral Program - offers information and referrals to assist parents to make quality child-care choices. It also supports child-care providers through toy and equipment lending libraries, professional development opportunities, information and resources in all communities across the province.
Child-Care Subsidy Program - assists about 25,000 low- and lower-middle-income families throughout British Columbia with the cost of child-care. The subsidy is a monthly payment provided to eligible families who are working, looking for work, attending school or a training program, or who have a medical condition which interferes with the ability to care for the child, or have a child attending a licensed preschool, or have child-care recommended by a MCFD social worker. MCFD became responsible for the administration of the Child-Care Subsidy Program in May 2005. The transfer of the subsidy program from the Ministry of Employment and Income Assistance was completed in the fall of 2006. Child-care subsidy can be provided for children who attend both regulated and non-regulated child-care settings however only the portion of funding used to support non-regulated child-care settings is accounted for as an NCB reinvestment.

Healthy Kids Dental and Optical – This program assists low- and moderate-income families on premium assistance with the costs of their children’s dental treatment and optical care. Healthy Kids removes one of the barriers to moving from income assistance to work by ensuring children have continued access to basic dental services and eyewear.

Autism Intervention –This program, introduced in 2003-2004, provides families of children (aged 6 to 18 years) with autism spectrum disorder, with up to $6000 per year in direct funding to purchase autism intervention services for out-of-school hours. This funding is in addition to the educational program and special education services provided through school boards.

Foster Care 2000 – Foster Care 2000 provides continuing improvements to training and support for foster parents.

Family Support Programs – These are community-based services intended to promote the well-being of families. The services are designed to increase the strength and stability of families, to increase parents' confidence and competence in their parenting abilities, to give children a stable and supportive family environment, and to enhance child development. Core elements of family support programs include: home visiting; child development; parent training and education; and social, emotional and educational support for families.

Aboriginal Regional Support Services – This funding is devoted to developing administrative and service structures for Aboriginal organizations and training of staff who will develop and deliver services for children and families.

CommunityLINK – Funding is provided to school boards to improve the educational performance, including academic achievement and social functioning of vulnerable students. Supports funded by school districts include, for example, youth and family counsellors, inner-city school programs and school meal and snack programs, etc.

Youth Initiatives – A continuum of services is provided through this program that targets youth-at-risk of family breakdown, and those youth living apart from family in high-risk situations. Key service functions include youth-family mediation, outreach, youth support workers, safe housing, youth agreements and specialized youth services. Specialized youth services are developed to meet the specific needs of at-risk youth populations, such as young parents and aboriginal people, sexually exploited and LGBTQ ³³ youth.

Youth Alcohol and Drug Strategy – This funding is devoted to youth detox beds, youth residential services beds, youth residential detox and treatment services beds, intensive day-treatment programming and family and youth counsellors, and strategies to address Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Since 2004-2005, the Youth Alcohol and Drug Strategy is provided under alternate funding arrangements and is not reported as an ongoing NCB reinvestment.

Other Youth Programs – Other Youth Programs cover a range of community-based services for youth. These include the Safe Streets and Safe Schools Grant Program, which support schools and community strategies that enhance public safety and local crime prevention efforts; and the Community Capacity Building Project Fund which helps communities develop programs that address the issues of prostitution, particularly when they involve the sexual exploitation of children and youth. It also includes the Youth Against Violence Line, which provides youth a safe, confidential way to prevent and report incidents of youth violence or crime and seek help from local police; and the Child and Youth Guardian of Estate, which protects the legal and property rights of children and youth.

Social Housing – Housing assistance is provided to low-income families across British Columbia and is targeted to households in the greatest need. As new housing units reach completion, additional subsidy dollars are required to support these families.

Table 30
British Columbia: NCB Reinvestments and Investments

	2003–2004	2004–2005	2005–2006	2006–2007
	Expenditures ($000)	Expenditures ($000)	Estimates ($000)	Estimates ($000)
Child Benefits & Earned Income Supplements
BC Earned Income Benefit	65,000	61,500	48,600	31,200
BC Family Bonus Increase ^a	100,320	82,000	32,890	13,370
Child/ Day Care
Supported Child Development	12,780	13,642	14,247	13,959
Child-Care Subsidy (non-regulated)^b	47,437	46,198	-	-
Child-Care Programs and Services^c	8,281	10,029	67,388	81,162
Supplementary Health Benefits
Healthy Kids Dental and Optical	5,636	6,204	6,928	7,514
Autism Intervention	11,315	11,884	13,696	16,740
Early Childhood/Children-at-Risk Services
Foster Care 2000	2,823	3,853	3,900	4,283
Family Support Programs	12,714	12,937	13,353	14,968
Aboriginal Regional Support Services^d	5,133	6,282	5,201	6,348
Community LINK	36,037	41,650	44,838	45,300
Youth Initiatives
Youth Initiatives	17,716	20,838	22,613	24,883
Youth Alcohol and Drug Strategy ^e	1,388	-	-	-
Other Youth Programs	1,300	1,400	1,900	1,900
Other NCB Programs, Benefits & Services
Social Housing	51,900	53,454	54,851	56,500
Rental Assistance Program^f	-	-	-	2,400
TOTAL	379,780	371,871	330,405	320,527

^aFigures include the amount of NCB Supplements increases that have been passed through to BC Family Bonus recipients since 1998. As of 2004-2005, this amount starts to decline as a result of the full offset of the BC Family Bonus for most families with one child.

^bAfter 2004-2005, this funding is reported within Child-Care Programs and Services.

^cFormerly called Child-Care Programs. The subsidy for non-regulated child care is reported under this program area as of 2005-2006.

^dFormerly called Aboriginal Strategy.

^eThis program was not discontinued after 2003-2004, but was provided in British Columbia under alternate funding arrangements.

^fThis program was launched in October 2006, and enhancements were made in February 2007. The full take up is expected in 2007-2008.

Notes: 1. All expenditures and estimates exclude the amounts reported under other federal/provincial agreements.
2. Figures have been rounded.

Table 31
British Columbia: Estimated Number of Families and Children Benefiting under NCB Reinvestments and Investments

Yukon

Yukon’s savings associated with the NCB Supplement have been invested in programs supporting healthy children, healthy families and healthy communities. These initiatives support the national goals of helping to reduce the depth of child poverty and encouraging parents to participate in the work force while ensuring they are better off working. Yukon’s initiatives also support low-income families with the costs of raising children and recognize the long-term benefits of early childhood interventions.

Adjustments to Social Assistance benefits are made monthly by treating the actual amount of the NCB Supplement received as a separate category under income. This results in a deduction from Social Assistance benefits that is not subject to either the flat rate income exemption ($150 per month per family) or the earned income exemption (25 percent of earned income). For non-taxfilers, the amount of the NCB Supplement is covered by Social Assistance, but the client must sign an “agreement to repay” which is collected when their NCB Supplement is issued for the portion that Social Assistance covered. This situation happens rarely.

Yukon ’s reinvestments and investments include:

Yukon Child Benefit (YCB) (Investment) – Yukon families in receipt of the Canada Child Tax Benefit (CCTB) and the NCB Supplement are automatically considered for the Yukon Child Benefit (YCB). The YCB is an investment that supplements the NCB Supplement and is based on the same objectives and principles. The benefit is tax-free and is not considered as income (i.e., not counted) when calculating social assistance benefits. Effective July 2004, the YCB was increased to $450 per year per child, and is available for families with net annual incomes below $25,000 (turning point), at which point the tax-back rate applied is 2.5 percent for one-child families and 5 percent for families with two or more children. The Yukon Government negotiated a recovery from Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) for costs of the YCB associated with Status Indian children in the Yukon.

Yukon Children’s Drug/Optical Program (CDOP) (Reinvestment) – This program is designed to assist low-income families with the cost of prescription drugs and eye care for children up to 18 years of age. While families with incomes above $23,500 per year pay a deductible, there is no deductible for families with incomes below $23,500 per year. Families must reapply each fiscal year.

Kids Recreation Fund (KRF) (Reinvestment) – The fund covers registration fees, equipment and supplies for sports, arts, cultural, recreational or social activities. It is available to families whose net income is under $37,000 per year or who have other special family circumstances, including recent financial hardship, family illness, large family size or family crisis. Each application is assessed on the family’s individual circumstances. Eligible families can apply for up to $200 per child, per activity, to a maximum of $300 per year. The KRF is a special fund administered by Sport Yukon and supported in part by the Government of Yukon through the NCB initiative.

Healthy Families Yukon (Reinvestment) – The Government of Yukon in March 1999, implemented the early intervention program, Healthy Families Yukon, to improve the long-term outcomes of Yukon children. The Healthy Families Yukon program is a culturally appropriate, intensive home-based family support service offered to expectant parents and parents of children under three months of age. The service is voluntary and is offered on a long-term basis, up to when the child is five years old. Weekly home visits are offered to the family in the first nine to twelve months, with criteria to increase/decrease the level of service as the child becomes older. The goals of Healthy Families Yukon are:

to systematically assess the strengths and needs of new parents and assist them in accessing community services as needed;
to enhance family functioning by:
- building trusting, nurturing relationships,
- teaching problem-solving,
- improving the family’s support system;
to promote positive parent-child relationships; and
to promote healthy childhood growth and development.

Food for Learning (Investment) – The Yukon Food for Learning Society provides funds to assist schools in providing nutrition programs such as breakfast, lunch or snacks for students who do not have enough to eat. The Yukon Government provided a one-time reinvestment of $30,000 in 1998–1999 to enhance the Food for Learning Project. The project is a special fund administered by a non-government organization and supported in part by the Government of Yukon through the NCB initiative.

Table 32
Yukon: NCB Reinvestments and Investments

	2003–2004	2004–2005	2005–2006	2006–2007
	Expenditures ($000)	Expenditures ($000)	Estimates ($000)	Estimates ($000)
Child Benefits & Earned Income Supplements
Yukon Child Benefit^a	277	711	675	660
Supplementary Health Benefits
Yukon Children’s Drug/Optical Program^b	46	48	46	44
Early Childhood/Children-at-Risk Services
Kids Recreation Fund	69	200	200	200
Healthy Families Yukon	1,062	1,026	937	974
Food for Learning	30	30	30	30
TOTAL	1,484	2,015	1,888	1,909

^aNot including funds recovered from Indian and Northern Affairs Canada.

^bThe figures were revised to include administrative fees associated with the Yukon Children's Drug/Optical Program.

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.

Table 33
Yukon: Estimated Number of Families and Children Benefiting under NCB Reinvestments and Investments

Northwest Territories

The NCB initiative assumes a major role in the collective fight against child poverty in Canada. The flexibility of the NCB program has enabled the Government of the Northwest Territories (GNWT) to develop three specific programs that proactively challenge child poverty and encourage employment attachment for parents.

In the Northwest Territories (NWT), the NCB Supplement is deducted from income assistance entitlement, and reinvested in three programs for low income families. The Government of the Northwest Territories provides added value to these reinvestment programs through additional funding. To reduce duplication and streamline efficiency, the Canada Revenue Agency delivers the NWT programs as an integrated payment with federal child benefits.

Northwest Territories reinvestments and investments include:

Northwest Territories Child Benefit (NWTCB)– This cash benefit provides a maximum of $330 annually per child for families with income of $20,921 or less in the previous year.

Territorial Workers’ Supplement (TWS) – This supplement is paid to families with working incomes over $3,750. This supplement is phased in so that the maximum benefit becomes available when working incomes reach $10,000 annually.

Note: The NWTCB and TWS are need-determined programs that are based on a family’s net income, working income and the number of children under the age of 18 years.

Healthy Children Initiative (HCI) – The GNWT initiated the HCI in 1998. Since 1998, NCB reinvestment funds and NWT investment funds have been directed to the continued development and expansion of this program. To date, NCB increases/reinvestment funding has been directed to the HCI programs. The HCI enables communities groups across the NWT, to develop and deliver programs that proactively focus on health, learning and cultural development for children six years of age and under. HCI programs to date have included the delivery of healthy snack programs in Early Learning and Child Care Programs, Aboriginal Culture and Language Programs, Family Literacy and the support of training opportunities for early Child Care staff.

Table 34
Northwest Territories: NCB Reinvestments and Investments

	2003–2004 ($000)	2004–2005 ($000)	2005–2006 ($000)	2006–2007 ($000)
	Expenditures	Expenditures	Estimates	Estimates
Child Benefits & Earned Income Supplements
NWT Child Benefit/Territorial Workers’ Supplement	1,509	1,500	1,644	1,552
Early Childhood/Children-at-Risk Services
Healthy Children Initiative^a	419	419	419	1,768
TOTAL	1,928	1,919	2,063	3,320

^aFigures include funding from another budget that provides children in the Northwest Territories with programs such as snacks, Aboriginal language and on-the-land camps.

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.

Table 35
Northwest Territories: Estimated Number of Families and Children Benefiting under NCB Reinvestments and Investments

Nunavut

The Government of Nunavut, through its Pinasuaqtavut mandate, continues to work to improve the well-being, prosperity and self-reliance of Nunavummiut. The goals of the NCB correspond to the Inuit principle of Pijitsirniq (providing for families and the community) by helping to prevent and reduce the depth of child poverty and by assisting low-income families with the costs associated with raising children. The NCB also provides an incentive for parents to (re)join the workforce, consistent with the government’s interest in encouraging economic self-reliance.

The Government of Nunavut offsets the NCB Supplement as income from income support payments and reinvests the funds in the Nunavut Child Benefit (NUCB) and the Territorial Workers’ Supplement (TWS).

Nunavut’s reinvestment and investments include:

Nunavut Child Benefit (NUCB) – This is the primary reinvestment program in Nunavut which is funded using monies from the recovery of social assistance payments in the territory. The NUCB is a tax-free payment given to qualifying families with children under the age of 18 living at home. To reduce duplication and streamline efficiency, the Canada Revenue Agency delivers the Nunavut Child Benefit as an integrated payment with the CCTB and the NCB Supplement. The NUCB is a benefit paid to all families with a net income of $20,921 or less in the previous year. Families receive $27.50 per month or $330 annually for each eligible child under the age of 18 living at home.

Territorial Workers’ Supplement (TWS) – Families who have earned income of more than $3,750 in the previous year may also receive the Territorial Workers’ Supplement. This is an additional benefit for working families with children under the age of 18 living at home. Nunavut uses recovered funds from social assistance payments to provide the Territorial Workers’ Supplement for working parents, and Canada Revenue Agency delivers this benefit as an integrated payment with the CCTB and the NCB Supplement. Eligible families may receive up to $275 annually for the first child and an additional $75 per year for two or more children.

Table 36
Nunavut: NCB Reinvestments and Investments

	2003–2004	2004-2005	2005-2006	2006-2007
	Expenditures ($000)	Expenditures ($000)	Estimates ($000)	Estimates ($000)
Child Benefits & Earned Income Supplements
Nunavut Child Benefit/Territorial Workers’ Supplement	2,750	2,775	2,679	2,062
TOTAL	2,750	2,775	2,679	2,062

Table 37
Nunavut: Estimated Number of Families and Children Benefiting under NCB Reinvestments and Investments

First Nations

First Nations have implemented a wide range of programs to address social, health and related issues in First Nation communities. The First Nations’ NCB reinvestment component is a key element in the shared effort of about 400 First Nations and the Government of Canada to improve social programs for First Nation low-income families and children.

Following the approach of their provincial or territorial counterpart, First Nations adopt similar measures of adjusting income support to families with children on social assistance without reducing the overall disposable income of these families. This adjustment to social assistance results in savings which First Nations then reinvests in programs and services that will help reduce the depth of child poverty. When a province or territory supplements federal payments with additional funding, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) commits to negotiate a reimbursement of the portion paid to low-income families on reserve including families on income assistance. For example, INAC reimburses Saskatchewan and Yukon for integrated child benefit payments to all low-income families with children who ordinarily reside in First Nation communities.

An important feature of the NCB reinvestment funding mechanism is that it gives First Nations the flexibility to prioritize reinvestments according to their own unique needs and cultural values. In each region, the projects implemented by First Nations closely follow off-reserve models, but they tend to cover a wider range of program areas than those of the provinces and territories.

In some cases, reinvestment funds available to smaller communities are modest, but First Nations have increased their impact by linking them with other resources, such as day-care funding, general band revenue, employment-creation funding, or with funding from other agencies such as Head Start, Brighter Futures, Canada Manpower, and Training Employment Skills Initiative.

Reinvestments are categorized under five activity areas:

Child Care - These programs enhance day-care facilities to enable more low-income families to access spaces for their children. Emphasis may be placed on accommodating children of parents who are working or in training projects. Funds are also used to reduce the share of child-care costs that parents who are working or in training must pay for the care of their children in day-care facilities (although no direct subsidies may be given to parents).
Child Nutrition - These programs are intended to improve the health and well-being of children by providing breakfast, lunch, or snacks in school, by educating parents about the nutritional needs of children and meal preparation, or by delivering food hampers to homes of low-income families.
Support to Parents - These programs are designed to equip and support parents by giving their children a sound start in life. Projects may include drop-in centres for parents or training in parenting skills.
Home-to-Work Transition - These programs are directed at improving the prospects of employment for parents and youth. These include employment and skills development, and summer work projects for youth.
Cultural Enrichment - In this category are projects such as the teaching of traditional culture (e.g., language, art, music, storytelling), support projects for youth, celebrations, peer support groups, family and community supports such as life skills, financial management training, and other group activities that bring together community elders, children, and youth.

Table 38
First Nations: NCB Reinvestments and Investments

Activity Area^a	2003–2004	2004-2005	2005-2006	2006-2007
Activity Area^a	Expenditures ($000)	Expenditures ($000)	Estimates ($000)	Estimates^b ($000)
Child Care	866	2,323	3,246	n/a
Child Nutrition	5,111	12,459	12,762	n/a
Support to Parents	1,750	4,995	12,584	n/a
Home-to-Work Transition	8,886	17,509	17,103	n/a
Cultural Enrichment	12,491	15,462	8,919	n/a
Sub-total	29,104	52,748	51,561	47,344
Additional Expenditures by First Nations with Multi-Year Agreements and Comprehensive Funding Agreements^c	22,659	-	-	-
Additional Investment Envelope^d	1,414	2,379	3,434	960
TOTAL	53,177	55,127	58,048	48,304

^aExpenditures and estimates by activity area may vary because First Nations and bands under multi-year agreements only report their reinvestment activities to INAC at the end of the calendar year. As a result, INAC is not able to provide estimates on reinvestment activities prior to year end.

^bA breakdown of 2006-2007 estimates is not available.

^cAs of 2004-2005, these estimates are reported under the activity areas.

^dThe additional investment envelope includes funding to reimburse Saskatchewan and the Yukon for the portion of provincial/territorial children’s benefits paid on reserve.

Notes:

n/a indicates the data is not available.
Totals may not add due to rounding.
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada does not fund social assistance in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut. Reinvestments in these areas are not included in this table.

Table 39
First Nations: Estimated Number of Families and Children on Reserve by Region, Benefiting under NCB Reinvestments

Region	2003-2004		2004-2005		2005-2006
Region	Families #	Children #	Families #	Children #	Families #	Children #
Atlantic ^a	431	776	1,281	2,608	1,087	2,229
Quebec	2,971	5,984	4,994	10,583	4,333	10,854
Ontario	2,945	7,768	22,960	52,429	28,480	68,701
Manitoba^b	2,936	7,016	-	-	-	-
Saskatchewan	33,363	76,474	85,533	209,520	154,482	346,308
Alberta	9,798	21,460	11,910	23,826	16,503	36,620
British Columbia	40,693	74,586	32,722	59,088	21,355	35,131
Yukon	454	576	363	1,266	326	1,327

^aThe number of participants in the Atlantic region only includes First Nations in Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island.

^bEffective January 2004, Manitoba fully discontinued the practice of recovering the NCB Supplement from families receiving income assistance, including First Nations families. As a result of flowing through the NCB Supplement to families, funds are no longer being recovered for reinvestment and no families or children benefit from reinvestment.

Notes:

Figures for 2003-2004 may differ from those reported in The National Child Benefit Report: 2005 due to data revisions.
Estimates for 2006-2007 are not available.
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada does not fund social assistance in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut.
Figures may vary because some bands funded under multi-year agreements and self-government arrangements may not have reported.
Numbers include duplicates when a family or child receives from more than one service in the community.

Citizenship and Immigration Canada

Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) is committed to the objectives of the NCB initiative. CIC continues to aid government-assisted refugees by reinvesting income support adjustments into benefits for refugee families and their children.

CIC administers the NCB through its local and regional offices following provincial/territorial social assistance guidelines which helps to maintain a national standard for clients. The funds available as a result of the income support adjustments are reinvested into benefits for refugee families with children.

The Resettlement Assistance Program (RAP) provides newly arrived government-assisted refugees with income support and a range of immediate and essential services. Income support is provided for up to 12 months or until the client has become self-sufficient, whichever comes first, with a maximum of 24 months coverage for certain special needs refugees. Clients who are not self-sufficient at the end of the period of RAP support are entitled to provincial/territorial social assistance.

In 2006-2007, a new initiative, the Monthly School Allowance was introduced. The new allowance aids government-assisted refugee families with the recurring and on-going costs of their children’s education, such as school and gym supplies and registration fees. Families with children and young adults (aged 4 to 21 years and who are attending provincial elementary and secondary education institutions) receive the allowance. During the summer months, the allowance will assist with summer school attendance and participation in other organized educational or recreational activities.

CIC’s other reinvestments and investments include:

Newborn Allowance – This supplement assists government-assisted refugee families with the costs of caring for a newborn.

Children under 6 Years Allowance – This benefit recognizes the additional costs associated with raising young children.

School Start-Up Allowance – This supplement assists government-assisted refugee families with the costs of equipping young children for elementary school.

NCB Transportation Allowance – This supplement assists government-assisted refugee families with their transportation costs.

Table 40
Citizenship and Immigration Canada: NCB Reinvestments and Investments

	2003–2004	2004-2005	2005-2006	2006-2007
	Expenditures ($000)	Expenditures ($000)	Estimates ($000)	Estimates ($000)
Child Benefits & Earned Income Supplements
Newborn Allowance, Children under 6 Allowance, School Start-up Allowance, Monthly School Allowance	681	799	767	1,022
Other NCB Programs, Benefits & Services
NCB Transportation Allowance	1,174	1,793	1,688	1,066
TOTAL	1,855	2,592	2,455	2,088

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.

³⁰ Effective July 2000, Manitoba discontinued recovering increases to the NCB Supplement for all families receiving income assistance. Effective July 2001, Manitoba stopped recovering the NCB Supplement for children age six and under. Effective January 2003, it stopped recovering the NCB Supplement for children age 7 to 11 years; and, effective January 2004, it stopped recovering the NCB Supplement for children age 12 to 17 years.

³¹ Includes funding provided through federal 2000 Early Childhood Development Agreement and 2003 Multilateral Framework on Early Learning and Child Care transfers as well as provincial revenue funds. Does not include 2005 and 2006 federal Early Learning and Child Care funds ($25.6 million in 2005-2006 and $23.7 million in 2006-2007).

³² Effective April 1, 2004, the Alberta Works-Income Support Program replaced the Supports for Independence (SFI) program.

³³ LGBTQ is the generally accepted term for lesbian, gay, bi-sexual, transgendered and questioning individuals. Questioning reflects that group of individuals who are not sure what their sexuality actually is

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National Child Benefit (NCB)

Proactive Disclosure

Appendix 2Provincial, Territorial and First Nations National Child Benefit Reinvestments and Investments

Sources of Reinvestment Funds

1. Social Assistance/Child Benefit Adjustments

2. Children’s Special Allowance Adjustments

Appendix 2
Provincial, Territorial and First Nations National Child Benefit Reinvestments and Investments